Plate from Die Schmetterlinge Deutschlands mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Biologie, Bd. 1-4, by K. Eckstein
1. Papilio podalirius = scarce swallowtail (Iphiclides podalirius)
2. Papilio machaon = common yellow swallowtail (Papilio machaon)
3. Parnassius apollo = Apollo butterfly (Parnassius apollo)
Date Published [1913-1923) in Stuttgart, Germany by K.G. Lutz' Verlag.
Source Downloaded from http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/39412 and converted to PNG (also available on the Internet Archive).
Author Karl Eckstein
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dieschmetterling14ecks_0129.png

The scarce swallowtail (Iphiclides podalirius) is a butterfly belonging to the family Papilionidae. It is also called the sail swallowtail or pear-tree swallowtail.

The Old World swallowtail (Papilio machaon) is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. The butterfly is also known as the common yellow swallowtail or simply the swallowtail (a common name applied to all members of the family, but this species is the 'original', first to go by the name). It is the type species of the genus Papilio.

The Apollo butterfly or mountain Apollo (Parnassius apollo), is a butterfly of the Papilionidae family.